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important factor is the type of aluminum alloy undergoing chromate conversion coating. It was concluded from the study that 2024 is the most difficult alloy due to its metallurgical content; if satisfactory results can be obtained for 2024, then it would not be so difficult to achieve successful results for other alu- minum alloys . The EPA, when added to a standard trivalent chromium pretreatment (NAVAIR) bath, exhibited outstanding performance in NSS testing. This additive is designed to enhance corrosion resistance of an aluminum alloy for trivalent chromium pretreatment performance. An EPA offers consistent corrosion resis- tance performance for difficult alloys, such as 2024. It is an additive that improves standard NAVAIR trivalent chromium application on aluminum for robust performance. It is sufficient to say that the most important aspect of using this newly developed, patented additive for trivalent chromium pretreatment its effective and consistent corrosion- resistance performance. REFERENCES 1. Wernick S, Pinner R, Sheasby PG. The Surface Treatment and Finishing of Aluminum and its Alloys. 5th ed., vol. 1. Middlesex: Finishing Publications, 1996. 2. Wernick S, Pinner R, Sheasby PG. The Surface Treatment and Finishing of Aluminum and its Alloys. 5th ed., vol. 2. Middlesex: Finishing Publications, 1996. 3. Formation of chromate conversion coatings on aluminum and its alloys. In: Sasakia K, Isaacsb HS, Jaffcoatea CS, et al., editors. Handbook of Product Design for Manufacturing.New York: McGraw-Hill, 1986. 4. Edwards J. Coating and Surface Treatment Systems for Metals. Finishing Publications and ASM International, 1997:66–71. 5. Bishop CV, et al. Galvanotechnik 1980;71(11):1199. 6. European Union End-of-Life Vehicle Directive, 23 May 2000 8828/00 (Presse 179). Further details available at: http://ue.eu.int/Newsroom. 7. Wood GC, O'Sullivan JP. J Electrochem Society 1969;47:142–4. 8. Sheasby PG, Bancroft G. Trans Inst Met Finishing 1970;48:140–4. 307